YADNYA e-Learning
Science Studies - 6th Standard
4. Disaster Management
1. What are the emergency contact numbers of the following?
(a) Police Control Room- 100
(b) Fire brigade-101
(c) Ambulance-102
(d) National level single emergency number for disaster relief- 108
2. What first aid will you provide in the following situations ?
(a) Dog bite
Ans: Following are the first aid should be provided-
1) Wash the wound with a solution of potassium permanganate or other antiseptic.
2) Cover the wound with a clean and dry cloth.
3) Get a doctor’s help and an injection of the anti rabies vaccine.
(b) Scratches/ bleeding
Ans: Following are the first aid should be provided-
1) The injured part should be washed with water or held under water.
2) You can also apply turmeric powder if minor scratches or bleeding.
3) Clean the wounds using a cotton swab soaked in an antiseptic solution.
4) If there is heavy bleeding then get medical help.
(c) Burns/scalds
Ans: Following are the first aid should be provided- Minor burns
1) The injured part should be washed with water or held under water.
2) Give the victim water to drink.
3) Clean the wounds using a cotton swab soaked in an antiseptic solution.
4) Do not apply oily ointments.
5) Cover wounds using dry dressings. Serious burns
1) Give emotional support.
2) Cover the wounds with sterilised cloth.
3) Remove jewellery, shoes, etc. if easily possible.
4) Do not touch or burst the blisters on the skin.
5) Do not apply oily ointments.
6) Do not try to remove the cloth if it is stuck to the burnt skin.
7) If the patient is conscious, give water to drink but avoid tea or coffee or other stimulating drinks.
8) Get medical aid at once.
(d) Snakebite
Ans: Following are the first aid should be provided-
1) Wash the wound with water
2) Give emotional support to the patient.
3) Tie a cloth tightly above the wound.
4) Get immediate medical help.
(e) Sunstroke
Ans: Following are the first aid should be provided-
1) Take the patient to a cool place or in the shade.
2) Sponge the whole body with cold water.
3) Place a cloth soaked in cold water on the neck.
4) Give plenty of water or liquids like sherbets to drink.
5) If the patient feels like vomiting make him lie prone, i.e., on his/her abdomen with the head turned to one side.
6) Get medical help or shift the patient to a hospital.
3. Write the causes of the following :
(a) Floods
Ans: Following can be cause of floods
1) Due to excessive rains in the same place, a river overflows its banks causing a flood.
2) Sudden melting of huge amount of ice at mountain tops can lead to flood.
(b) Forest fires
Ans: Following can be cause of forest fire
1) Natural calamities like lightning strikes falling on the trees of a forest.
2) Man-made activities like smoking, setting thermal factories or campfires near the forest area etc.
(c) Land slides/building collapse
Ans: Following can be cause of land slides or building collapse
1) Earthquake can cause land slides and building collapse
2) Volcanic eruption can cause land slides
3) Uses of poor quality material for construction of building can leads to its collapse
4) Mining and Weathering can cause land slides
(d) Storms
Ans: Storms can occur either naturally or due to ecological imbalance occurring due to various human activities.
(e) Earthquakes
Ans: Earthquakes can occur due to following reasons
1) Volcanic eruption
2) Meteors falling on the earth’s surface.
3) Underground explosions. For ex. Underground nuclear tests.
4. Answer the following questions.
(a) What is meant by ‘disasters’ ?
Ans: A sudden event that causes large scale damage to life, property and social aspects of a nation or society is called a disaster.
(b) What are the types of disasters?
Ans: There are two types of disasters.
1) Man-made disasters: These disasters are the result of technological or human hazards. Ex. Road accidents, forest fires, collapsing of building due to usage of poor quality materials etc.
2) Natural disasters: There are due to imbalance occurring in nature various environmental factors. Ex. Earthquakes, volcanic eruption etc.
(c) What is meant by ‘disaster management’ ?
Ans: Taking steps to prevent disasters, making plans to face disasters and developing the capacity for that is called disaster management.
(d) Which are the main components of disaster management?
Ans: Main components of disaster management are:
1) Preparation: A plan is created to minimise the damage if a disaster occurs.
2) Redemption: It is a plan to minimise the damage to the society and country.
3) Response: This stage deals with providing immediate response after an incident has occurred.
5. Find out about the work of a ‘Sarpa-mitra’.
Ans: Sarpa-mitra protects and safeguards snakes. They also demonstrate to people the various aspects of snakes and snake bites, what precautions and first-aid should be given in case of snakebite and the general idea of how to classify the snakes into poisonous and non-poisonous.
6. Find out what a first aid kit/box contains.
Ans: First aid box should contains the following things:
1) Sterile gauze pads of different size
2) Adhesive tape
3) Adhesive bandages
4) Elastic bandage
5) Antiseptic wipes
6) Soap
7) A splint
8) Scissors
9) Antibiotic ointment
10) Blanket
11) List of emergency phone numbers
7. Suggest remedial measures for dealing with natural or manmade disasters.
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