5th std EVS chapter 19 constituents of food l question and answer l

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Environmental Studies -  5th Standard 

19. Constituents of Food

Question And Answer

Q1. What’s the solution ?

The body requires an adequate quantity of proteins.

Ans: The body undergoes wear and tear continuously. Sometimes, it gets injured. But, the healing and repair of our body goes on all the time without our being aware of it. Proteins are necessary for that purpose. Proteins are required in plenty during the growing years of a person’s life. Hence the body requires and adequate quantity of proteins.

Q2. Use your brain power !

Why are children told to drink milk every day ?

Ans: Milk has almost all the food constituents. It has carbohydrates, sugar, fats and proteins. It is rich in vitamins A, B and D. The calcium content of milk is also quite high. Milk is easy to digest. It gives energy. The growth and development of the body is faster when milk is taken in our everyday diet. Therefore children are told to drink milk every day.

Q3. Give two sources of each of the following food constituents.

(a) Minerals: Fruits, Leafy green vegetables

(b) Proteins: Eggs, Fish

(c) Starch: Potato, rice

Q4. Fill in the blanks.

(a) Vitamins in our food give us the ability to resist diseases.

(b) Calcium makes our bones strong.

(c) Foodstuffs that taste sweet contain various kinds of sugars.

(d) A diet that provides all the constituents of food in the right proportions is called a balanced diet.

Q5. Answer the following questions.

(a) Of what use are the sugars that we get from the digestion of starch ?

Ans: The sugar formed from digestion of starch are burned slowly. While burning they release energy. The sugars thus act as fuels. This energy is used for different kinds of works.

It also keeps the body warm.

(b) Name the sources of fibre in our diet.

Ans: Bran in the flour of grains, whole grains and pulses, fruits, vegetables and especially their skin. Sprouted pulses with their skins, green leafy vegetables are all sources of fibres in our diet.

(c) What are carbohydrates ?

Ans: The energy providing food constituents which consists of starch, sugars and fibres are called carbohydrates.

(d) What is meant by malnutrition ?

Ans: If a person’s diet lacks proper constituents of food for a long time, then this person does not get proper nourishment. Such condition is called malnutrition.

Q6. Match the following.

                  Column A                                                           Column B (Ans)

                  Fats                                                                            Oil

                Proteins                                                                    Pulses

               Vitamins                                                             Bran of cereal

               Minerals                                                                      Iron

            Starchy foods                                                              Jowar

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